Noise health effects are both health and behavioral in nature. This unwanted sound can damage physiological and psychological health. Noise pollution can cause annoyance and aggression, hypertension, high stress levels, hearing loss, and other harmful effects. Furthermore, stress and hypertension are the leading causes to health problems, can lead to forgetfulness, severe depression and at times panic attacks.
Harmful Effects:
On Human Being, Animal and Property: Noise has always been with the human civilization but it was never so obvious, so intense, so varied & so pervasive as it is seen in the last of this century. Noise pollution makes men more irritable. The effect of noise pollution is multifaceted & inter related. The effects of Noise Pollution on Human Being, Animal and property are as follows:
•I It decreases the efficiency of a man:- Regarding the impact of noise on human efficiency there are number of experiments which print out the fact that human efficiency increases with noise reduction. A study by Sinha & Sinha in India suggested that reducing industrial booths could improve the quality of their work. Thus human efficiency is related with noise.
•II Lack of concentration:- For better quality of work there should be concentration , Noise causes lack of concentration. In big cities , mostly all the offices are on main road. The noise of traffic or the loud speakers of different types of horns divert the attention of the people working in offices.
•III Fatigue:- Because of Noise Pollution, people cannot concentrate on their work. Thus they have to give their more time for completing the work and they feel tiring
•IV Abortion is caused: - There should be cool and calm atmosphere during the pregnancy. Unpleasant sounds make a lady of irriative nature. Sudden Noise causes abortion in females.
•V It causes Blood Pressure: - Noise Pollution causes certain diseases in human. It attacks on the person’s peace of mind. The noises are recognized as major contributing factors in accelerating the already existing tensions of modern living. These tensions result in certain disease like blood pressure or mental illness etc.
•VI Temporary of permanent Deafness:- The effect of nose on audition is well recognized. Mechanics , locomotive drivers, telephone operators etc. All have their hearing . Impairment as a result of noise at the place of work. Physictist, physicians & psychologists are of the view that continued exposure to noise level above. 80 to 100 db is unsafe, Loud noise causes temporary or permanent deafness.
•VII EFFECT ON VEGETATION Poor quality of Crops:- Now is well known to all that plants are similar to human being. They are also as sensitive as man. There should be cool & peaceful environment for their better growth. Noise pollution causes poor quality of crops in a pleasant atmosphere.
•VIII EFFECT ON ANIMAL:- Noise pollution damage the nervous system of animal. Animal looses the control of its mind. They become dangerous.
•IX EFFECT ON PROPERTY:- Loud noise is very dangerous to buildings, bridges and monuments. It creates waves which struck the walls and put the building in danger condition. It weakens the edifice of buildings
NOISE CONTROL (REMEDIES)
The solution the noise pollution may include one or combination of the following measures :
- Source Control : include source modification such as design changes, limiting the operational timings.
- Transmission Path Intermission : includes sound insulating enclosures, provision of noise absorbing materials.
- Receptor Control : includes provision of personal protection devices such as ear plugs while operating noisy machinery.
Legal Control:-
- Constitution of India Right to Life:- Article 21 of the Constitution guarantees life and personal liberty to all persons. It is well settled by repeated pronouncements of the Supreme Court that right to life enshrined in Article 21 is not of mere survival or existence. It guarantees a right of persons to life with human dignity. Any one who wishes to live in peace, comfort and quiet within his house has a right to prevent the noise as pollutant reaching him.
- Right to Information:- Every one has the right to information know about the norms and conditions on which Govt. permit the industry which effect the environment.
- Right to Religion and Noise:- Right to religion does not include right to perform religious activities on loud speaker and electronic goods which produce high velocity of noise.
- Directive Principal of State Policy:- The state has the object to make the enviorment pollution free.
- Fundamental Duties:- every citizen of the country has the fundamental duty to clean the environment.
Rules/Regulation
Court Orders
–Bombay High Court Order : Oct 5, 2006: By Justice Gokhale and Justice Devadhar - Regarding problem arising from the use of loudspeakers and the instruments causing noise pollution
–Calcutta High Court Judgement - April 1996 - Calcutta High Court and Karnataka High Court has taken a very serious view of sound pollution due to
–News Article: Oct 6, 2006: TOI, Mumbai: No bursting crackers after 10 pm - Bursting of sound-emitting firecrackers not permitted between 10 pm and 6 am during Diwali
In order to control the noise pollution caused from various sources , the Central Government has framed certain rules known as ‘ The Noise Pollution ( Regulation and Control) Rules,2000.’ The rules provide for the ambient air quality standard in respect of noise for different areas. An area comprising 100 meters around hospitals, educational institutions and courts has been declared as silence area or zone. A loud speaker or public address shall not be used at night between 10.00 pm to 6.00 pm except in closed premises.
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